Топик по английскому языку авраам линкольн. Топик по английскому языку "Abraham Lincoln - Авраам Линкольн"
Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth President of the United States. He was born in Kentucky in 1809, in the family of a very poor fanner. When Lincoln was a boy, he worked on the farm all days long. He did not go to school. He taught himself to read and write. Later Lincoln studied law and became a lawyer. After that he became a politician.
Everybody liked Abraham Lincoln because he was intelligent and hard-working. Lincoln was very ambitious. He wanted to be good at everything he did. He said that he wanted to win the "race of life". He was kind and honest. People called him "Honest Abe".
Lincoln became President in 1860. In 1861 there was a war between the North and the South of the United States. The people of the South wanted a separate government from the United States. The people of the North wanted the United States to stay together as one country. Lincoln was the leader of the North. In the war brother brother killed. The Civil War was four years long.
The North won the Civil War. The War ended on April 9, 1865. Six days later President Lincoln and his wife went to the theatre. In the theatre a man went behind the President and shot him in the head. The man"s name was John Wilkes Booth. He was a supporter of the South. Lincoln died the next morning.
VOCABULARY
lawyer ["lɔ:jə] - юрист, адвокат
hard-working ["ha:d, wə:kɪŋ] - трудолюбивый
ambitious [æmbɪʃəs] - честолюбивый
to win - выигрывать; добывать победу
race - соревнования по бегу; гонки, скачки
honest ["ɔnɪst] - честный
separate ["seprɪt] - отдельный; обособленный
to be the leader ["li:də] (of) - быть руководителем, возглавлять
the Civil War ["sɪvɪl wɔ:] - гражданская война
to shoot [ʃu:t] (shot) - стрелять
QUESTIONS
1. What was Abraham Lincoln ?
2. When he was bom ?
3. What do you know about his childhood?
4. What did he study?
5. What did people call him ?
6. When did he become President?
7. When and how did he die?
Авраам Линкольн
Авраам Линкольн был шестнадцатым президентом Соединенных Штатов. Он родился в Кентукки в 1809 г. в семье очень бедного фермера. Когда Линкольн был мальчиком, он целыми днями работал на семейной ферме. Он не ходил в школу. Сам научился читать и писать. Позже Линкольн изучал право и стал юристом. Потом он стал политиком.
Все любили Авраама Линкольна, потому что он был умным и трудолюбивым. Линкольн был очень честолюбив. Он хотел все делать хорошо. Он говорил, что хочет выигрывать «в гонке жизни». Он был добрым и честным. Люди называли его «Честный Эйб».
Линкольн стал президентом в 1860 г. В следующем году началась война между Севером и Югом Соединенных Штатов. Южане добивались отдельного от правительства Соединенных Штатов. Северяне хотели, чтобы Соединенные Штаты залышились единственной страной. Линкольн возглавил жителей Севера. Это была братоубийственная война. Гражданская война продолжалась четыре года.
Север одержала победу в Гражданской войне. Война закончилась 9 апреля 1865. Через шесть дней президент Линкольн со своей женой пошел в театр. В театре какой-то мужчина подошел к президенту сзади и выстрелил ему в голову. Этого мужчину звали Джон Уилкс Бут. Он был сторонником Юга. На следующее утро Линкольн умер.
Sixteenth President.
Born: February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Hardin County, Kentucky.
Died: April 15, 1865.
Lincoln died the morning after being shot at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D. C. by John Wilkes Booth, an actor.
Married to Mary Todd Lincoln.
Lincoln warned the South in his Inaugural Address: “In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it”.
Lincoln thought secession illegal, and was willing to use force to defend Federal law and the Union. When Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter and forced its surrender, he called on the states for 75,000 volunteers. Four more slave states joined the Confederacy but four remained within the Union. The Civil War had begun.
The son of a Kentucky frontiersman, Lincoln had to struggle for a living and for learning. Five months before receiving his party’s nomination for President, he sketched his life:
“I was born Feb. 12, 1809, in Hardin County, Kentucky. My parents were both born in Virginia, of undistinguished families – second families, perhaps I should say. My mother, who died in my tenth year, was of a family of the name of Hanks. My father removed from Kentucky to Indiana, in my eighth year. It was a wild region, with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods. There I grew up. Of course when I came of age I did not know much. Still somehow, I could read, write, and cipher. but that was all”.
Lincoln made extraordinary efforts to attain knowledge while working on a farm, splitting rails for fences, and keeping store at New Salem, Illinois. He was a captain in the Black Hawk
War, spent eight years in the Illinois legislature, and rode the circuit of courts for many years. His law partner said of him, “His ambition was a little engine that knew no rest”.
He married Mary Todd, and they had four boys, only one of whom lived to maturity. In 1858 Lincoln ran against Stephen A. Douglas for Senator. He lost the election, but in debating with Douglas he gained a national reputation that won him the Republican nomination for President in 1860.
As President, he built the Republican Party into a strong national organization. Further, he rallied most of the northern Democrats to the Union cause. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation that declared forever free those slaves within the Confederacy.
Lincoln never let the world forget that the Civil War involved an even larger issue. This he stated most movingly in dedicating the military cemetery at Gettysburg: “that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom – and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth”.
Lincoln won re-election in 1864, as Union military triumphs heralded an end to the war. In his planning for peace, the President was flexible and generous, encouraging Southerners to lay down their arms and join speedily in reunion.
The spirit that guided him was clearly that of his Second Inaugural Address, now inscribed on one wall of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D. C.: “With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation’s wounds”.
On Good Friday, April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theatre in Washington by John Wilkes Booth, an actor, who somehow thought he was helping the South. The opposite was the result, for with Lincoln’s death, the possibility of peace with magnanimity died.
Abraham Lincoln
Among all presidents in the history of the United States, Abraham Lincoln is probably the one that Americans remember best. He brought honesty and integrity to the White House. Most of all he is remembered or he is associated with the final abolition of slavery. Lincoln became a virtual symbol of the American Dream whereby an ordinary person from humble beginnings could reach the pinnacle of society as president of the country.
Abraham was born on February 12,1809 in Kentucky, and spent the first seven years of his life there. Occasionally he and his sister Sarah attended classes in a log schoolhouse some 3 km from home.
It was difficult time for the family, in which his father Thomas Lincoln tried to make living as a carpenter and farmer. The Lincolns moved from farm to farm around Kentucky until 1816, when the family left to settle in Indiana.
During 14 years the Lincolns lived in Indiana and his childhood in the frontier of Indiana set the course for his character and motivation in life later.
Abraham Lincoln began a long road to become the sixteenth president of the USA, In 1834, he was elected into the House of Representatives and began studying to become a lawyer. For the next few years, he practiced law all across the state. In 1847, he was elected into Congress, but his opinions did not ensure him a long stay there. He was vehemently against slavery. As a result, he was not elected for the second term.
A few years later, slavery became a stronger issue, and more people wanted to abolish it. Lincoln joined Republicans, a new political party that opposed slavery. The Republicans nominated him for the US Senate in 1858. Abraham Lincoln"s oratorical powers brought him to the attention of the nation. In 1860, he was nominated by the Republican Party as its candidate for the Presidency of the United States. Lincoln won by a small margin.
But with his election, the country began the process of dividing. South Carolina had seceded from the Union before he was even inaugurated. Other states followed to form the Confederation. The North and the South were divided, and the Civil War began. The war was not only over the abolition of slavery, but also for the rights of individual states to make their own choices.
Later, Lincoln was elected for the second term of Presidency in 1864. The South surrendered, and the Civil War was ended on April 9, 1865. The difficult period of time began, the time for reconstruction and reconciliation, but Lincoln would not be the person to lead the country through this difficult period.
On April 14,
Abraham Lincoln with his wife attended the play in Ford"s
Theater in Washington D.C. A few minutes past ten o"clock, an
actor stepped into the Presidential box and shot the President.
In the following morning Abraham Lincoln died.
Авраам Линкольн
За всю историю Соединенных Штатов, среди всех президентов, Авраам Линкольн - это президент, которого американцы больше всего помнят. Он принес честность и единение в Белый Дом. Больше всего его имя помнят или связывают с окончательным этапом отмены рабства. Линкольн стал фактическим символом американской мечты, посредством которой обыкновенный человек со скромными задатками может достичь таких вершин как президент страны.
Авраам родился 12 февраля 1809 года в штате Кентукки и там провел первые семь лет своей жизни. Иногда он и его сестра Сара посещали уроки в школе, построенной из бревен, которая находилась в трех километрах от дома.
Это было тяжелое время для семьи, время, когда его отец Томас Линкольн с трудом зарабатывал на жизнь, подрабатывая плотником или фермером. Семья Линкольнов до 1816 года переезжала с фермы на ферму по всему штату Кентукки, после чего осела в штате Индиана.
В течение 14 лет семья Линкольнов жила в штате Индиана, его детство, проведенное на границе штата Индиана сформировало его характер и поведение в последующей жизни.
Авраам Линкольн начал долгий путь, чтобы стать шестнадцатым президентом США. В 1834 году он был избран в Палату представителей и начал учиться на адвоката. Следующие несколько лет он работает адвокатом в штате. В1847 году он был избран в Конгресс, но его идеи не позволили ему остаться там надолго. Он неистово боролся против рабства. В результате чего не был избран на второй срок.
Через несколько лет вопрос о рабстве стал камнем преткновения, многие люди хотели отменить его. Линкольн присоединился к республиканцам, новой политической партии, которая выступала против рабства. В1858 году республиканцы выдвинули его кандидатуру в Сенат Соединенных Штатов. Благодаря своим ораторским способностям, Авраам Линкольн приковал к себе внимание всей нации. В 1860 году республиканцы выдвинули его кандидатуру на пост президента Соединенных Штатов. С небольшим отрывом Линкольн выиграл.
Но с его победой в стране начался процесс разделения. Штат Южная Каролина вышел из состава Союза еще перед тем, как Линкольн прошел инаугурацию на пост президента. За ней последовали и другие штаты и образовали конфедерацию. Север и юг разделились, началась гражданская война. Война началась не только за отмену рабства, воевали также за право каждого отдельно взятого штата выбирать самостоятельно.
Позже, в 1864 году, Линкольн был избран на второй президентский срок. Юг сдался, и 9 апреля 1865 года гражданская война закончилась. Начался трудный период, период восстановления и примирения, но Линкольн не станет человеком, который возглавит страну в это тяжелое время.
14 апреля, Авраам Линкольн с женой
посетили театр Форда в Вашингтоне. В начале одиннадцатого один
из актеров вошел в президентскую ложу и выстрелил в президента.
На следующее утро президент умер.
Questions:
1. What is
Abraham Lincoln famous for?
2. Where did the future president spend his childhood?
3. Why was not Abraham Lincoln elected for the second term into
the Congress?
4. What was the new political party that opposed slavery?
5. What happened when Lincoln was elected for the post of
president of the U.S. in 1860?
6. When did the Civil War end?
7. Why did not Lincoln lead the country through the post-war
period?
Vocabulary:
integrity - единение, целостность
to associate - ассоциироваться
abolition - отмена, упразднение
slavery - рабство
hum^e - простой, заурядный
pinnacle - вершина
to attend - посещать
carpenter - плотник
to ensure - обеспечивать, гарантировать
vehemently - неистово
to nominate - выставлять кандидатуру
to secede - отделяться, откалываться
election - выборы
to surrender - сдаваться, капитулировать
reconciliation - примирение
to shoot (past shot, p.p. shot) - стрелять
Sixteenth President.
Born: February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Hardin County, Kentucky.
Died: April 15, 1865.
Lincoln died the morning after being shot at Ford"s Theatre in Washington, D.C. by John Wilkes Booth, an actor.
Married to Mary Todd Lincoln.
Lincoln warned the South in his Inaugural Address: "In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it".
Lincoln thought secession illegal, and was willing to use force to defend Federal law and the Union. When Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter and forced its surrender, he called on the states for 75,000 volunteers. Four more slave states joined the Confederacy but four remained within the Union. The Civil War had begun.
The son of a Kentucky frontiersman, Lincoln had to struggle for a living and for learning. Five months before receiving his party"s nomination for President, he sketched his life:
"I was born Feb. 12, 1809, in Hardin County, Kentucky. My parents were both born in Virginia, of undistinguished families - second families, perhaps I should say. My mother, who died in my tenth year, was of a family of the name of Hanks. My father removed from Kentucky to Indiana, in my eighth year. It was a wild region, with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods. There I grew up. Of course when I came of age I did not know much. Still somehow, I could read, write, and cipher. but that was all".
Lincoln made extraordinary efforts to attain knowledge while working on a farm, splitting rails for fences, and keeping store at New Salem, Illinois. He was a captain in the Black Hawk War, spent eight years in the Illinois legislature, and rode the circuit of courts for many years. His law partner said of him, "His ambition was a little engine that knew no rest".
He married Mary Todd, and they had four boys, only one of whom lived to maturity. In 1858 Lincoln ran against Stephen A. Douglas for Senator. He lost the election, but in debating with Douglas he gained a national reputation that won him the Republican nomination for President in 1860.
As President, he built the Republican Party into a strong national organization. Further, he rallied most of the northern Democrats to the Union cause. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation that declared forever free those slaves within the Confederacy.
Lincoln never let the world forget that the Civil War involved an even larger issue. This he stated most movingly in dedicating the military cemetery at Gettysburg: "that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain - that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom - and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth".
Lincoln won re-election in 1864, as Union military triumphs heralded an end to the war. In his planning for peace, the President was flexible and generous, encouraging Southerners to lay down their arms and join speedily in reunion.
The spirit that guided him was clearly that of his Second Inaugural Address, now inscribed on one wall of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D. C.: "With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation"s wounds".
On Good Friday, April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated at Ford"s Theatre in Washington by John Wilkes Booth, an actor, who somehow thought he was helping the South. The opposite was the result, for with Lincoln"s death, the possibility of peace with magnanimity died.
Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States of America. He is regarded by many as the most influential president of America. He is known for abolishing slavery from the united states. Abraham Lincoln led the United States through the bloody Cold War. Abraham Lincoln was in office as president from March 4, 1861, to April 15, 1865. John Wilkes Booth assassinated Abraham Lincoln on April 15, 1965.
Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky. He was the second son of Thomas and Nancy Lincoln. He was born into a poor family. His mother died when he was nine years old. He self-educated himself into a lawyer. in 1842, Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd. They married at Springfield, Illinois. Abraham Lincoln was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846. He was a member of the Republican party. He started his fight against slavery at the time. He spoke against the Mexican-American War. He served a two-year term as a congressman. After that, he returned to being a lawyer. He again returned to politics only to abolish slavery for good. On November 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected the 16th president of the United States. He defeated Democrat Stephen A. Douglas, John C. Breckinridge of the Southern Democrats and John Bell of the new Constitutional Union Party. He became the first president of United States from The Republican Party. The American Civil War broke out in 1861. The slave states defected from the United States and declared war of Abraham Lincoln’s America. He was re-elected as president in 1864 during the war. Abraham Lincoln led the United States to victory in 1865.
A well-known actor John Wilkes Booth assassinated President Abraham Lincoln on April 15, 1865. He was the first American president to be assassinated. James A. Garfield, William McKinley and John F. Kennedy were assassinated after him. Abraham Lincoln was shot while watching the play Our American Cousin. He was with his wife Mary Todd Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C. The died the next morning. His tomb is located at Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield.
The Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC was built-in Abraham Lincoln’s honor. It holds a colossal statue of Abraham Lincoln sitting in an armchair. The late precedent has been included in a lot of modern-day fiction in Hollywood. Many successful biographical books and movies have been made on Abraham Lincoln. The five dollar bills have his portrait embedded.
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